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HERO

  
       

ST HILDA

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
 
 

St Hilda var dotter till prins Hereric i Deira, en systerson till kung Edwin av hans fru, Lady Bregswith. Hereric hade följt sin farbror i exil under invasioner av King Aethelfrith av Bernicia och Hilda var född i domstolen i King Raedwald of East Anglia i Rendlesham i Suffolk. Två år senare i år att Edwin återvinnas Northumbria, familjen, eller åtminstone Hereric var i domstolen i King Ceretic av Elmet. Här är olyckligt Prince var förgiftad och avled. Detta kan ha föranlett King Edwin invasion av Elmet i AD 617.

Hilda och hennes syster, Hereswith, togs upp på Edwin dubbla domstol vid York och Yeavering. De var båda döpta av St Paulinus i AD 627 och tydligen utbildade av honom. Trots att Hilda inte tillträda en tjänst i Herrens förrän år trettiotre. Hereswith gift Prince Aethelric of East Anglia, bror till kung Anna, som hon bar framtida kung Ealdwulf. Hilda ha åtföljas hennes syster till East Anglia. Men genom AD 647, Hereswith hade trätt klostret i Chelles i Frankrike. Hilda som planeras att gå henne, men var övertygad stället genom St Aidan, att återvända till Northumbria. Han gav henne en liten tomt på den norra stranden av Wear att bygga ett kloster, men hon snart gått vidare till Hartlepool där hon lyckats St Heiu som abbedissa. Hon organiserade samhället enligt den regel i den iriska kyrkan, särskilt för Columbanus.

I AD 657, abbedissa Hilda hade bildat en dubbel kloster för både munkar och nunnor vid Whitby (Streoneshall) och här hon slutligen avgöras. Hilda var en PATRONESSA av konst, även hennes tidigare KOGUBBE, poeten, St Caedmon. Hon själv var en anmärkningsvärd lärare, vars råd saught av Kings och Abbots likadana, medan hennes kloster blev känt som ett centrum för lärande. Det utbildas minst fem biskopar. I AD 664, spelade hon värdinna den berömda Synod i Whitby där sökvägen till Northumbrian kyrkan diskuterades. Det beslutades att man bör följa undervisningen i den romerska kyrkan snarare än Celtic Iriska Iona. Hilda själv var naturligtvis förståelse för den andra parten, men hon accepterade rådets beslut. Fjorton år senare var hon något mer entusiastiska i sitt stöd för ärkebiskop Theodore's division of St Wilfred's Northumbrian Se, för det innebar att två av hennes elever, Helgon Bosa och Johannes av Beverley, togs upp till ny Bishoprics. Hon dog i Whitby, efter en lång och smärtsam sjukdom som varar cirka sex år, den 17 november AD 680.

St Hilda begravdes i Whitby och mirakel snart rapporterats vid hennes grav. Hon vördas som ett helgon och hennes ben lämpligt uttryck. Hennes helgedom var rivas i AD 800 när Whitby Abbey var avskedade av danskar, men hennes kropp var tydligen återhämtat sig från ruinerna av kung Edmund den magnifika i den 10: e århundradet. Han gav dem till Abbey i Glastonbury i Somerset där var reverred fram till reformationen.

 

 

Abbess of Hartlepool
Abbess of Whitby
Born: AD 614
Died: 17th November AD 680

St. Hilda was the daughter of Prince Hereric of Deira, a nephew of King Edwin, by his wife, Lady Bregswith. Hereric had followed his uncle into exile during the invasions of King Aethelfrith of Bernicia and Hilda was probably born at the court of King Raedwald of East Anglia at Rendlesham in Suffolk. Two years later, in the year that Edwin recovered Northumbria, the family, or at least Hereric, was at the court of King Ceretic of Elmet. Here the unfortunate Prince was poisoned and subsequently died. This may have prompted King Edwin's invasion of Elmet in AD 617.

Hilda and her sister, Hereswith, were raised at Edwin's dual-court at York and Yeavering. They were both baptised by St. Paulinus in AD 627 and apparently educated by him. Though Hilda did not enter the service of the Lord until the age of thirty-three. Hereswith married Prince Aethelric of East Anglia, brother of King Anna, to whom she bore the future King Ealdwulf. Hilda appears to have accompanied her sister to East Anglia. However, by AD 647, Hereswith had entered the monastery of Chelles in France. Hilda planned to join her, but was persuaded instead, by St. Aidan, to return to Northumbria. He gave her a small plot of land on the north bank of the Wear to build a monastery, but she soon moved on to Hartlepool where she succeeded St. Heiu as Abbess. She organised the community according to the Rule of the Irish Church, particularly that of Columbanus.

In AD 657, Abbess Hilda had founded a double monastery of both monks and nuns at Whitby ( Streoneshall ) and here she finally settled. Hilda was a patroness of the arts, including her former cowherd, the poet, St. Caedmon. She herself was a notable teacher, whose advice was saught by Kings and Abbots alike; while her monastery became famed as a centre of learning. It trained at least five bishops. In AD 664, she played hostess to the famous Synod of Whitby at which the path of the Northumbrian Church was debated. It was decided that it should follow the teachings of the Roman Church rather than those of Celtic Irish Iona. Hilda herself was, of course, sympathetic to the latter party, but she accepted the council's ruling. Fourteen years later, she was somewhat more enthusiastic in her support of Archbishop Theodore's division of St. Wilfred's Northumbrian See; for it meant that two of her pupils, Saints Bosa and John of Beverley, were raised to new Bishoprics. She died at Whitby, after a long and painful illness lasting some six years, on 17th November AD 680.

St. Hilda was buried at Whitby and miracles were soon reported at her tomb. She was venerated as a saint and her bones suitably enshrined. Her shrine was demolished, in AD 800, when Whitby Abbey was sacked by the Danes; but her body was, apparently, recovered from the ruins by King Edmund the Magnificent in the 10th century. He gave them to the Abbey of Glastonbury in Somerset where the were reverred until the Reformation.

       

HENGIST

 

 

Hengist var i keltisk mytologi ledare för en grupp saxare som slog sig ned i Kent .

Hengist var förmodligen en historisk gestalt men omdanades av Monmouth till en mytologisk figur och britternas fiende. Hos honom anlände Hengist till Britannien tillsammans med sin bror Horsa där han först vann kung Vortigerns förtroende för att sedan förråda honom.

Horsa var i keltisk mytologi bror till den saxiske härföraren Hengist .

Horsa finns inte historiskt belagd och spelar en mindre roll i de brittiska myterna.

The ASC has Hengest arriving in Britain in 449 and places his death in the year 488.

 

 

 

 

 

Co-leader of the Saxon (an inclusive term for Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians) forces said by Geoffrey of Monmouth to have originally been imported into Britain as mercenaries by Vortigern. In return for land to raise their families, the Saxon troops were to protect the land from invasion by the northern Picts and Scots. Instead, the Saxons got greedy and broke out of their enclaves, wreaking death and destruction upon the defenseless Britons, until rescued from total ruin by Ambrosius Aurelianus, who, according to Gildas, stemmed the Saxon tide for a time.

Hengest (also spelled Hengist), probably a Jute, from Denmark , is said by the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (ASC)" to be the son of Wihtgils in a direct line from the god, Woden; the brother of Horsa and the father of Octha and Aesc. He is regarded by most, but not all, scholars as a genuine historical character. Some additional support for Hengest's historicity is to be found in a document called the "Finnesburh Fragment," part of a now-lost heroic poem, which mentions him:

. . .Then the stout warriors, Sigeferth and Eaha, went to one door and unsheathed their swords; Ordlaf and Guthlaf went to guard the other, and Hengest himself followed in their footsteps

 

 
 

Hengist Jute who with his brother Horsa was the first of the Anglo-Saxon settlers, residing on the Isle of Thanet at the behest of Vortigern, who wanted recruits to fight against encroaching Picts and Scots. Together, they founded the kingdom of Kent , where Hengist ruled beginning in 455.

Hengist vapensköld

       

HORSA

 

 

Vapensköld för Hengist och Horsa

 

 

 
 

Upper White Horse Stone with some of the smaller stones behind it.

Horsa , according to tradition, was a fifth century warrior and brother of Hengest who took part in the invasion and conquest of Britain from its native Romano-British inhabitants. However, twin warriors are a common theme in folklore . Recent scholars have speculated that his name came from a Roman inscription that was illegible except for part of the Latin word cohors .

Bede , providing the earliest reference known to Horsa in about 731, says that the first two Anglo-Saxon commanders were Hengist and Horsa, the sons of Victgilsus . He also says that Horsa was slain by the British and buried in eastern Kent . Bede mentions that a stone existed that recorded his name. White Horse Stone near Maidstone in Kent is the traditional site. Legend also has it that Horsa was buried at Horsted, an area between Chatham in Kent and Bluebell Hill, on the road towards Maidstone .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Horsa var i keltisk mytologi bror till den saxiske härföraren Hengist.

Nennius berättar att Horsa och brodern Hengist stannade i tjänst hos Vortigern.

Han omtalas även hos Malory och Milton, och hos Geoffrey berättas om Vortigerns andre son Katigern och Horsa. Han säger att de båda dödade varandra "above the ford at Epiford."

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry for 455 says that "Here Hengest and Horsa fought against King Vortigern in the place that is called Aylesford , and his brother Horsa was killed, and after that Hengest and his son Æsc took the kingdom."

It is said that a monument was raised in his memory, White Horse Stone near Maidstone being the traditional site, but twin warriors are a common theme in folklore ,

       

 

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